Review Of Data Bases/Advantages And Disadvantages

DEDICATION
I dedicate this project to the glory of God Almighty. I also dedicate to my Beloved and Lovely Parent Mr. /Mrs. Pius E, Bassey
Also to my to all my friends in Computer field, to my Sister, Brother and Cousin.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to thank God almighty for the grace he has given to me through out my stay in the Institute. My sincere gratitude also goes to my dear parent Mr. /Mrs. Pius E. Bassey, in which through their financial support made this project a reality. I also thank all my lecturer in which through their services has also made this project a reality.
I also want to thank my Beloved Friends, Mr. Aniefiok Ukang the well know internet business and web publisher for their support throughout this period of writing this project.
Finally, I must acknowledge my indebtedness to a number Computer Operators in the Cyber Café whose research reports and documentation have been used in the course of putting out this project.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Review of Databases/Advantages
1.2 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Creating Databases
2.1 Creating Tables
2.2 Table Data Entry Operation
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Importance of Creating Tables
3.1 Importance of Field Properties in Table Environment
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Conclusion
4.1 Reference

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Microsoft Access is a relational date base management system that was developed to solve the problem of data redundancy. It was basically seven elements which makes up the Ms-Access environment which are Tables, Queries, Forms, Reports, Pages, modules and Microsoft. But in our topic we are going to log emphasis o tables on how to create and work with the first element of Ms-Access environment.
Ms-Access can be identified because it uses a symbol of a key or identification.

1.1 Review Of Data Bases/Advantages And Disadvantages
The first database that was introduced was the flat file database management system which was introduced to help manage files and data in a database management system but it was later discovered that it encourages data redundancy which dealt with data duplication. This brought about the emergence of ghost workers in most organizations.
Later, Ms-Access was introduced by Microsoft Incorporation as a relational database management system. It helped to reduce the rate of data duplication in a database network, with the help o a primary key
Example of flat file database was paradox, base fox and fox pro.
MERITS OF MS-ACCESS
1. Ms-Access has a security protection mechanism inform of a password
2. Ms-Access has inbuilt mechanism called Macro for task automation.
3. It allows information to be shared from one network to another with the use of Open data base connectivity (ODBC)
1.2 DIFINITION OF TERMS
1. ODBC: Open data-base connectivity which allows information to be shared from one database network to another
2. Database: This a connection of information about objects having related purpose.
3. Data Redundancy: This is data which is not useful at the end of data processing
4. Primary Key: This is a unique identifiers for each record in a table.
5. Table: This is the first element of Ms-Access which makes use of Rows and columns.
6. Data Normalization: This is the process of reducing data redundancy in a database management system.
7. Field Property: This is one of the properties in the table environment which enables the user to format the output of his field’s data type.

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 CREATING DATABASES
We have basically two ways we can use to create a database.
Example:
1. On your desktop, click Start
2. Highlight Programs
3. Select Programm, it displays a sub-mend
4. Select or click Microsoft Access
5. It will load automatically into the memory for use
SECOND STEP
1. On your desktop, click Start from the task bar
2. Highlight New Office document a dialog box appear
3. Click on the general tab
4. Select Blank database
5. Click Ok
It will load automatically into the memory for usage. The end of loading is marked by the appearance of a dialog box.
If you click on blank database, it means you are creating your own (new) database. When you click on Ok a New dialog box will appear for you to type in the name of the database you are about to create by default you will see db243 or any number this means that you are creating a database in the system.
If you click on create database using wizard it means you will be choosing the fields from the available options without adding anything to it.
N/B: A wizard is a pre-defined program that allows one to chose from the available options without adding anything to it.
If you check on open an existing file, it therefore means you are opening an existing database.
But we are going to use blank Database since we are creating our own tables and specifying our own fields when our select blank database you click Ok, a dialog box would appear you type in the file name and click Create. After you click on create you will be taken to an environment called the Window database environment.
N/B: The window database environment is where you see the seven element of Microsoft Access which include:
1. Tables
2. Queries
3. Forms
4. Reports
5. Pages
6. Macros
7. Modules
2.1 CREATING TABLES
There are three ways to create a table namely
1. By using Design view
2. By using table data entry
3. By using wizard

STEPS IN ENTERING DESIGN VIEW
1. Click the tables tab (All element are displayed in tabs)
2. Select design view
3. Click New on the Debase Window
It will take you to the design view environment.
2.2 Table Data Entry Operations
When you are in table design view environment you will see three columns with Rows, the first column will be filed name which will enable you to type in the field list name you need, seconded by data type which would enable you to choose from the drop-down list option and the third one would be description which enables you to describe the field name.
When ever you key in any field name, it has a special data type for it e.g by default texts is displayed in the data type.
FIELD LIST DATA TYPE
Name Text
Sex Number
Occupation Text
Hobbies Text
Passport One Object
Reg No Auto Number
Salary Currency
Date Date/Time
Marital Status Yes/No
Email Hyperlink
As you are keying in the field properties will be opening below content of field properties include:
Field properties enables us to have control over our fields.


SOME OF THE MOST COMMONLY USED FIELD PROPERTIES ARE:
1. Validation Text
2. Validation Rule
3. Input Mask
4. Field Size
The two field properties which are used to enforce domain integrity are validation text (Rule)
VALIDATION RULE
This is a condition set by a database user in a table environment to restrict some entry outside the condition set by the user.
VALIDATION TEXT
This is an error message that appears when a user violates a validation rule setting. The process of setting validation rule and validation text for each field is called REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY.
INPUT MASK
This is a software used to change the default setting of a computer in Microsoft Access environment when designing tables.
FIELD SIZE
This is used to restrict characters entered into a table.
If you want to set field properties for our field you must first of all select the field then the field properties would be activated while you set the one of our choice for e.g you want to restrict any entry with ages <18>18 (when ever the rule is violated) when this has been done Crtl + S to save, a save has dialog box appears type in the file name and click Ok and there computer will prompt you with a message that “Although a primary key is not needed”, Do you want to create a primary key”.
You click yes the computer would create it for you. If you want to create your own you select a field you are creating and then go to edit menu bar and select primary key.
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 IMPORTANCE OF CREATING TABLES
Table as the name implies helps us to collect information about a specific type such as customer name, product suppliers, etc

3.1 IMPORTANCE OF FIELD PROPERTIES IN TABLES ENVIRONMENT
It enables us to enforce domain integrity on our fields and also to format how the output of our character input should be.

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 CONCLUSION
Tables as we started in this discussion helps us to store data and capture information about a specific set or project. It is very important because it is the first element of Microsoft environment without creating tables you cannot store information about a particular thing. It made use of rows and columns.
REFERENCE
1. Google Search Engine: History of databases management system
2. Access Monograph by Associated School of Computer Technology
3। Approach to Database Management by M.C Ekweluego 1998.